The Eurovision Song Contest (also commonly known as ‘Eurovision’) is a non-profit event organised annually by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Most of the countries participating are European countries, with Australia as a notable exception. Each country sends an artist and song, who compete to earn votes from the public and professional music juries; the winner receives enormous prestige, and their country gets the honour of hosting the following year’s competition. Famous winners include ABBA (1974), Celine Dion (1988), and Maneskin (2021).
Eurovision claims to be a non-political competition and therefore forbids political expression in lyrics, speeches, flags, or gestures either within or outside of artists’ songs (eg., speeches, interviews). Here are five examples of politics in Eurovision and the EBU’s reaction.
1) In 2009, Georgia was disqualified for having a song 'We Don't Wanna Put In' which sounded a lot like 'We Don't Wanna Putin'.
2) In 2019 – when the show was hosted in Tel Aviv, Israel – Iceland’s broadcaster was fined after artist Hatari publicly displayed Palestinian flags when their votes were announced.
3) In 2021, Belarus was required to resubmit or heavily modify their song since it mocked the protests against Alexander Lukashenko. The replacement song was also deemed political, and Belarus was disqualified. Belarus has refused to compete since.
4) Russia was banned indefinitely from Eurovision as of 2022 due to its invasion of Ukraine.
5) Ukraine won Eurovision in 2016 and 2022, and in both years, there have been allegations that they breached the political rule. After their 2022 song, the artist made a plea for the West to support cities besieged in the Russian invasion. The EBU decided these entries were about ‘historical’ and ‘humanitarian’ issues and were not political; their victories stood.
This decision of what is and is not political is solely at the discretion of the EBU.